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34 results

test_proactor_events.py

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  • test_urlparse.py 66.24 KiB
    import sys
    import unicodedata
    import unittest
    import urllib.parse
    
    RFC1808_BASE = "http://a/b/c/d;p?q#f"
    RFC2396_BASE = "http://a/b/c/d;p?q"
    RFC3986_BASE = 'http://a/b/c/d;p?q'
    SIMPLE_BASE  = 'http://a/b/c/d'
    
    # Each parse_qsl testcase is a two-tuple that contains
    # a string with the query and a list with the expected result.
    
    parse_qsl_test_cases = [
        ("", []),
        ("&", []),
        ("&&", []),
        ("=", [('', '')]),
        ("=a", [('', 'a')]),
        ("a", [('a', '')]),
        ("a=", [('a', '')]),
        ("&a=b", [('a', 'b')]),
        ("a=a+b&b=b+c", [('a', 'a b'), ('b', 'b c')]),
        ("a=1&a=2", [('a', '1'), ('a', '2')]),
        (b"", []),
        (b"&", []),
        (b"&&", []),
        (b"=", [(b'', b'')]),
        (b"=a", [(b'', b'a')]),
        (b"a", [(b'a', b'')]),
        (b"a=", [(b'a', b'')]),
        (b"&a=b", [(b'a', b'b')]),
        (b"a=a+b&b=b+c", [(b'a', b'a b'), (b'b', b'b c')]),
        (b"a=1&a=2", [(b'a', b'1'), (b'a', b'2')]),
        (";a=b", [(';a', 'b')]),
        ("a=a+b;b=b+c", [('a', 'a b;b=b c')]),
        (b";a=b", [(b';a', b'b')]),
        (b"a=a+b;b=b+c", [(b'a', b'a b;b=b c')]),
    ]
    
    # Each parse_qs testcase is a two-tuple that contains
    # a string with the query and a dictionary with the expected result.
    
    parse_qs_test_cases = [
        ("", {}),
        ("&", {}),
        ("&&", {}),
        ("=", {'': ['']}),
        ("=a", {'': ['a']}),
        ("a", {'a': ['']}),
        ("a=", {'a': ['']}),
        ("&a=b", {'a': ['b']}),
        ("a=a+b&b=b+c", {'a': ['a b'], 'b': ['b c']}),
        ("a=1&a=2", {'a': ['1', '2']}),
        (b"", {}),
        (b"&", {}),
        (b"&&", {}),
        (b"=", {b'': [b'']}),
        (b"=a", {b'': [b'a']}),
        (b"a", {b'a': [b'']}),
        (b"a=", {b'a': [b'']}),
        (b"&a=b", {b'a': [b'b']}),
        (b"a=a+b&b=b+c", {b'a': [b'a b'], b'b': [b'b c']}),
        (b"a=1&a=2", {b'a': [b'1', b'2']}),
        (";a=b", {';a': ['b']}),
        ("a=a+b;b=b+c", {'a': ['a b;b=b c']}),
        (b";a=b", {b';a': [b'b']}),
        (b"a=a+b;b=b+c", {b'a':[ b'a b;b=b c']}),
    ]
    
    class UrlParseTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
    
        def checkRoundtrips(self, url, parsed, split):
            result = urllib.parse.urlparse(url)
            self.assertEqual(result, parsed)
            t = (result.scheme, result.netloc, result.path,
                 result.params, result.query, result.fragment)
            self.assertEqual(t, parsed)
            # put it back together and it should be the same
            result2 = urllib.parse.urlunparse(result)
            self.assertEqual(result2, url)
            self.assertEqual(result2, result.geturl())
    
            # the result of geturl() is a fixpoint; we can always parse it
            # again to get the same result:
            result3 = urllib.parse.urlparse(result.geturl())
            self.assertEqual(result3.geturl(), result.geturl())
            self.assertEqual(result3,          result)
            self.assertEqual(result3.scheme,   result.scheme)
            self.assertEqual(result3.netloc,   result.netloc)
            self.assertEqual(result3.path,     result.path)
            self.assertEqual(result3.params,   result.params)
            self.assertEqual(result3.query,    result.query)
            self.assertEqual(result3.fragment, result.fragment)
            self.assertEqual(result3.username, result.username)
            self.assertEqual(result3.password, result.password)
            self.assertEqual(result3.hostname, result.hostname)
            self.assertEqual(result3.port,     result.port)
    
            # check the roundtrip using urlsplit() as well
            result = urllib.parse.urlsplit(url)
            self.assertEqual(result, split)
            t = (result.scheme, result.netloc, result.path,
                 result.query, result.fragment)
            self.assertEqual(t, split)
            result2 = urllib.parse.urlunsplit(result)
            self.assertEqual(result2, url)
            self.assertEqual(result2, result.geturl())
    
            # check the fixpoint property of re-parsing the result of geturl()
            result3 = urllib.parse.urlsplit(result.geturl())
            self.assertEqual(result3.geturl(), result.geturl())
            self.assertEqual(result3,          result)
            self.assertEqual(result3.scheme,   result.scheme)
            self.assertEqual(result3.netloc,   result.netloc)
            self.assertEqual(result3.path,     result.path)
            self.assertEqual(result3.query,    result.query)
            self.assertEqual(result3.fragment, result.fragment)
            self.assertEqual(result3.username, result.username)
            self.assertEqual(result3.password, result.password)
            self.assertEqual(result3.hostname, result.hostname)
            self.assertEqual(result3.port,     result.port)
    
        def test_qsl(self):
            for orig, expect in parse_qsl_test_cases:
                result = urllib.parse.parse_qsl(orig, keep_blank_values=True)
                self.assertEqual(result, expect, "Error parsing %r" % orig)
                expect_without_blanks = [v for v in expect if len(v[1])]
                result = urllib.parse.parse_qsl(orig, keep_blank_values=False)
                self.assertEqual(result, expect_without_blanks,
                                "Error parsing %r" % orig)
    
        def test_qs(self):
            for orig, expect in parse_qs_test_cases:
                result = urllib.parse.parse_qs(orig, keep_blank_values=True)
                self.assertEqual(result, expect, "Error parsing %r" % orig)
                expect_without_blanks = {v: expect[v]
                                         for v in expect if len(expect[v][0])}
                result = urllib.parse.parse_qs(orig, keep_blank_values=False)
                self.assertEqual(result, expect_without_blanks,
                                "Error parsing %r" % orig)
    
        def test_roundtrips(self):
            str_cases = [
                ('file:///tmp/junk.txt',
                 ('file', '', '/tmp/junk.txt', '', '', ''),
                 ('file', '', '/tmp/junk.txt', '', '')),
                ('imap://mail.python.org/mbox1',
                 ('imap', 'mail.python.org', '/mbox1', '', '', ''),
                 ('imap', 'mail.python.org', '/mbox1', '', '')),
                ('mms://wms.sys.hinet.net/cts/Drama/09006251100.asf',
                 ('mms', 'wms.sys.hinet.net', '/cts/Drama/09006251100.asf',
                  '', '', ''),
                 ('mms', 'wms.sys.hinet.net', '/cts/Drama/09006251100.asf',
                  '', '')),
                ('nfs://server/path/to/file.txt',
                 ('nfs', 'server', '/path/to/file.txt', '', '', ''),
                 ('nfs', 'server', '/path/to/file.txt', '', '')),
                ('svn+ssh://svn.zope.org/repos/main/ZConfig/trunk/',
                 ('svn+ssh', 'svn.zope.org', '/repos/main/ZConfig/trunk/',
                  '', '', ''),
                 ('svn+ssh', 'svn.zope.org', '/repos/main/ZConfig/trunk/',
                  '', '')),
                ('git+ssh://git@github.com/user/project.git',
                ('git+ssh', 'git@github.com','/user/project.git',
                 '','',''),
                ('git+ssh', 'git@github.com','/user/project.git',
                 '', '')),
                ]
            def _encode(t):
                return (t[0].encode('ascii'),
                        tuple(x.encode('ascii') for x in t[1]),
                        tuple(x.encode('ascii') for x in t[2]))
            bytes_cases = [_encode(x) for x in str_cases]
            for url, parsed, split in str_cases + bytes_cases:
                self.checkRoundtrips(url, parsed, split)
    
        def test_http_roundtrips(self):
            # urllib.parse.urlsplit treats 'http:' as an optimized special case,
            # so we test both 'http:' and 'https:' in all the following.
            # Three cheers for white box knowledge!
            str_cases = [
                ('://www.python.org',
                 ('www.python.org', '', '', '', ''),
                 ('www.python.org', '', '', '')),
                ('://www.python.org#abc',
                 ('www.python.org', '', '', '', 'abc'),
                 ('www.python.org', '', '', 'abc')),
                ('://www.python.org?q=abc',
                 ('www.python.org', '', '', 'q=abc', ''),
                 ('www.python.org', '', 'q=abc', '')),
                ('://www.python.org/#abc',
                 ('www.python.org', '/', '', '', 'abc'),
                 ('www.python.org', '/', '', 'abc')),
                ('://a/b/c/d;p?q#f',
                 ('a', '/b/c/d', 'p', 'q', 'f'),
                 ('a', '/b/c/d;p', 'q', 'f')),
                ]
            def _encode(t):
                return (t[0].encode('ascii'),
                        tuple(x.encode('ascii') for x in t[1]),
                        tuple(x.encode('ascii') for x in t[2]))
            bytes_cases = [_encode(x) for x in str_cases]
            str_schemes = ('http', 'https')
            bytes_schemes = (b'http', b'https')
            str_tests = str_schemes, str_cases
            bytes_tests = bytes_schemes, bytes_cases
            for schemes, test_cases in (str_tests, bytes_tests):
                for scheme in schemes:
                    for url, parsed, split in test_cases:
                        url = scheme + url
                        parsed = (scheme,) + parsed
                        split = (scheme,) + split
                        self.checkRoundtrips(url, parsed, split)
    
        def checkJoin(self, base, relurl, expected):
            str_components = (base, relurl, expected)
            self.assertEqual(urllib.parse.urljoin(base, relurl), expected)
            bytes_components = baseb, relurlb, expectedb = [
                                x.encode('ascii') for x in str_components]
            self.assertEqual(urllib.parse.urljoin(baseb, relurlb), expectedb)
    
        def test_unparse_parse(self):
            str_cases = ['Python', './Python','x-newscheme://foo.com/stuff','x://y','x:/y','x:/','/',]
            bytes_cases = [x.encode('ascii') for x in str_cases]
            for u in str_cases + bytes_cases:
                self.assertEqual(urllib.parse.urlunsplit(urllib.parse.urlsplit(u)), u)
                self.assertEqual(urllib.parse.urlunparse(urllib.parse.urlparse(u)), u)
    
        def test_RFC1808(self):
            # "normal" cases from RFC 1808:
            self.checkJoin(RFC1808_BASE, 'g:h', 'g:h')
            self.checkJoin(RFC1808_BASE, 'g', 'http://a/b/c/g')
            self.checkJoin(RFC1808_BASE, './g', 'http://a/b/c/g')
            self.checkJoin(RFC1808_BASE, 'g/', 'http://a/b/c/g/')
            self.checkJoin(RFC1808_BASE, '/g', 'http://a/g')
            self.checkJoin(RFC1808_BASE, '//g', 'http://g')
            self.checkJoin(RFC1808_BASE, 'g?y', 'http://a/b/c/g?y')
            self.checkJoin(RFC1808_BASE, 'g?y/./x', 'http://a/b/c/g?y/./x')
            self.checkJoin(RFC1808_BASE, '#s', 'http://a/b/c/d;p?q#s')
            self.checkJoin(RFC1808_BASE, 'g#s', 'http://a/b/c/g#s')
            self.checkJoin(RFC1808_BASE, 'g#s/./x', 'http://a/b/c/g#s/./x')
            self.checkJoin(RFC1808_BASE, 'g?y#s', 'http://a/b/c/g?y#s')
            self.checkJoin(RFC1808_BASE, 'g;x', 'http://a/b/c/g;x')
            self.checkJoin(RFC1808_BASE, 'g;x?y#s', 'http://a/b/c/g;x?y#s')
            self.checkJoin(RFC1808_BASE, '.', 'http://a/b/c/')
            self.checkJoin(RFC1808_BASE, './', 'http://a/b/c/')
            self.checkJoin(RFC1808_BASE, '..', 'http://a/b/')
            self.checkJoin(RFC1808_BASE, '../', 'http://a/b/')
            self.checkJoin(RFC1808_BASE, '../g', 'http://a/b/g')
            self.checkJoin(RFC1808_BASE, '../..', 'http://a/')
            self.checkJoin(RFC1808_BASE, '../../', 'http://a/')
            self.checkJoin(RFC1808_BASE, '../../g', 'http://a/g')
    
            # "abnormal" cases from RFC 1808:
            self.checkJoin(RFC1808_BASE, '', 'http://a/b/c/d;p?q#f')
            self.checkJoin(RFC1808_BASE, 'g.', 'http://a/b/c/g.')
            self.checkJoin(RFC1808_BASE, '.g', 'http://a/b/c/.g')
            self.checkJoin(RFC1808_BASE, 'g..', 'http://a/b/c/g..')
            self.checkJoin(RFC1808_BASE, '..g', 'http://a/b/c/..g')
            self.checkJoin(RFC1808_BASE, './../g', 'http://a/b/g')
            self.checkJoin(RFC1808_BASE, './g/.', 'http://a/b/c/g/')
            self.checkJoin(RFC1808_BASE, 'g/./h', 'http://a/b/c/g/h')
            self.checkJoin(RFC1808_BASE, 'g/../h', 'http://a/b/c/h')
    
            # RFC 1808 and RFC 1630 disagree on these (according to RFC 1808),
            # so we'll not actually run these tests (which expect 1808 behavior).
            #self.checkJoin(RFC1808_BASE, 'http:g', 'http:g')
            #self.checkJoin(RFC1808_BASE, 'http:', 'http:')
    
            # XXX: The following tests are no longer compatible with RFC3986
            # self.checkJoin(RFC1808_BASE, '../../../g', 'http://a/../g')
            # self.checkJoin(RFC1808_BASE, '../../../../g', 'http://a/../../g')
            # self.checkJoin(RFC1808_BASE, '/./g', 'http://a/./g')
            # self.checkJoin(RFC1808_BASE, '/../g', 'http://a/../g')
    
    
        def test_RFC2368(self):
            # Issue 11467: path that starts with a number is not parsed correctly
            self.assertEqual(urllib.parse.urlparse('mailto:1337@example.org'),
                    ('mailto', '', '1337@example.org', '', '', ''))
    
        def test_RFC2396(self):
            # cases from RFC 2396
    
            self.checkJoin(RFC2396_BASE, 'g:h', 'g:h')
            self.checkJoin(RFC2396_BASE, 'g', 'http://a/b/c/g')
            self.checkJoin(RFC2396_BASE, './g', 'http://a/b/c/g')
            self.checkJoin(RFC2396_BASE, 'g/', 'http://a/b/c/g/')
            self.checkJoin(RFC2396_BASE, '/g', 'http://a/g')
            self.checkJoin(RFC2396_BASE, '//g', 'http://g')
            self.checkJoin(RFC2396_BASE, 'g?y', 'http://a/b/c/g?y')
            self.checkJoin(RFC2396_BASE, '#s', 'http://a/b/c/d;p?q#s')
            self.checkJoin(RFC2396_BASE, 'g#s', 'http://a/b/c/g#s')
            self.checkJoin(RFC2396_BASE, 'g?y#s', 'http://a/b/c/g?y#s')
            self.checkJoin(RFC2396_BASE, 'g;x', 'http://a/b/c/g;x')
            self.checkJoin(RFC2396_BASE, 'g;x?y#s', 'http://a/b/c/g;x?y#s')
            self.checkJoin(RFC2396_BASE, '.', 'http://a/b/c/')
            self.checkJoin(RFC2396_BASE, './', 'http://a/b/c/')
            self.checkJoin(RFC2396_BASE, '..', 'http://a/b/')
            self.checkJoin(RFC2396_BASE, '../', 'http://a/b/')
            self.checkJoin(RFC2396_BASE, '../g', 'http://a/b/g')
            self.checkJoin(RFC2396_BASE, '../..', 'http://a/')
            self.checkJoin(RFC2396_BASE, '../../', 'http://a/')
            self.checkJoin(RFC2396_BASE, '../../g', 'http://a/g')
            self.checkJoin(RFC2396_BASE, '', RFC2396_BASE)
            self.checkJoin(RFC2396_BASE, 'g.', 'http://a/b/c/g.')
            self.checkJoin(RFC2396_BASE, '.g', 'http://a/b/c/.g')
            self.checkJoin(RFC2396_BASE, 'g..', 'http://a/b/c/g..')
            self.checkJoin(RFC2396_BASE, '..g', 'http://a/b/c/..g')
            self.checkJoin(RFC2396_BASE, './../g', 'http://a/b/g')
            self.checkJoin(RFC2396_BASE, './g/.', 'http://a/b/c/g/')
            self.checkJoin(RFC2396_BASE, 'g/./h', 'http://a/b/c/g/h')
            self.checkJoin(RFC2396_BASE, 'g/../h', 'http://a/b/c/h')
            self.checkJoin(RFC2396_BASE, 'g;x=1/./y', 'http://a/b/c/g;x=1/y')
            self.checkJoin(RFC2396_BASE, 'g;x=1/../y', 'http://a/b/c/y')
            self.checkJoin(RFC2396_BASE, 'g?y/./x', 'http://a/b/c/g?y/./x')
            self.checkJoin(RFC2396_BASE, 'g?y/../x', 'http://a/b/c/g?y/../x')
            self.checkJoin(RFC2396_BASE, 'g#s/./x', 'http://a/b/c/g#s/./x')
            self.checkJoin(RFC2396_BASE, 'g#s/../x', 'http://a/b/c/g#s/../x')
    
            # XXX: The following tests are no longer compatible with RFC3986
            # self.checkJoin(RFC2396_BASE, '../../../g', 'http://a/../g')
            # self.checkJoin(RFC2396_BASE, '../../../../g', 'http://a/../../g')
            # self.checkJoin(RFC2396_BASE, '/./g', 'http://a/./g')
            # self.checkJoin(RFC2396_BASE, '/../g', 'http://a/../g')
    
        def test_RFC3986(self):
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, '?y','http://a/b/c/d;p?y')
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, ';x', 'http://a/b/c/;x')
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, 'g:h','g:h')
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, 'g','http://a/b/c/g')
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, './g','http://a/b/c/g')
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, 'g/','http://a/b/c/g/')
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, '/g','http://a/g')
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, '//g','http://g')
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, '?y','http://a/b/c/d;p?y')
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, 'g?y','http://a/b/c/g?y')
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, '#s','http://a/b/c/d;p?q#s')
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, 'g#s','http://a/b/c/g#s')
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, 'g?y#s','http://a/b/c/g?y#s')
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, ';x','http://a/b/c/;x')
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, 'g;x','http://a/b/c/g;x')
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, 'g;x?y#s','http://a/b/c/g;x?y#s')
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, '','http://a/b/c/d;p?q')
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, '.','http://a/b/c/')
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, './','http://a/b/c/')
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, '..','http://a/b/')
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, '../','http://a/b/')
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, '../g','http://a/b/g')
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, '../..','http://a/')
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, '../../','http://a/')
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, '../../g','http://a/g')
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, '../../../g', 'http://a/g')
    
            # Abnormal Examples
    
            # The 'abnormal scenarios' are incompatible with RFC2986 parsing
            # Tests are here for reference.
    
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, '../../../g','http://a/g')
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, '../../../../g','http://a/g')
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, '/./g','http://a/g')
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, '/../g','http://a/g')
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, 'g.','http://a/b/c/g.')
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, '.g','http://a/b/c/.g')
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, 'g..','http://a/b/c/g..')
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, '..g','http://a/b/c/..g')
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, './../g','http://a/b/g')
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, './g/.','http://a/b/c/g/')
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, 'g/./h','http://a/b/c/g/h')
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, 'g/../h','http://a/b/c/h')
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, 'g;x=1/./y','http://a/b/c/g;x=1/y')
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, 'g;x=1/../y','http://a/b/c/y')
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, 'g?y/./x','http://a/b/c/g?y/./x')
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, 'g?y/../x','http://a/b/c/g?y/../x')
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, 'g#s/./x','http://a/b/c/g#s/./x')
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, 'g#s/../x','http://a/b/c/g#s/../x')
            #self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, 'http:g','http:g') # strict parser
            self.checkJoin(RFC3986_BASE, 'http:g','http://a/b/c/g') #relaxed parser
    
            # Test for issue9721
            self.checkJoin('http://a/b/c/de', ';x','http://a/b/c/;x')
    
        def test_urljoins(self):
            self.checkJoin(SIMPLE_BASE, 'g:h','g:h')
            self.checkJoin(SIMPLE_BASE, 'http:g','http://a/b/c/g')
            self.checkJoin(SIMPLE_BASE, 'http:','http://a/b/c/d')
            self.checkJoin(SIMPLE_BASE, 'g','http://a/b/c/g')
            self.checkJoin(SIMPLE_BASE, './g','http://a/b/c/g')
            self.checkJoin(SIMPLE_BASE, 'g/','http://a/b/c/g/')
            self.checkJoin(SIMPLE_BASE, '/g','http://a/g')
            self.checkJoin(SIMPLE_BASE, '//g','http://g')
            self.checkJoin(SIMPLE_BASE, '?y','http://a/b/c/d?y')
            self.checkJoin(SIMPLE_BASE, 'g?y','http://a/b/c/g?y')
            self.checkJoin(SIMPLE_BASE, 'g?y/./x','http://a/b/c/g?y/./x')
            self.checkJoin(SIMPLE_BASE, '.','http://a/b/c/')
            self.checkJoin(SIMPLE_BASE, './','http://a/b/c/')
            self.checkJoin(SIMPLE_BASE, '..','http://a/b/')
            self.checkJoin(SIMPLE_BASE, '../','http://a/b/')
            self.checkJoin(SIMPLE_BASE, '../g','http://a/b/g')
            self.checkJoin(SIMPLE_BASE, '../..','http://a/')
            self.checkJoin(SIMPLE_BASE, '../../g','http://a/g')
            self.checkJoin(SIMPLE_BASE, './../g','http://a/b/g')
            self.checkJoin(SIMPLE_BASE, './g/.','http://a/b/c/g/')
            self.checkJoin(SIMPLE_BASE, 'g/./h','http://a/b/c/g/h')
            self.checkJoin(SIMPLE_BASE, 'g/../h','http://a/b/c/h')
            self.checkJoin(SIMPLE_BASE, 'http:g','http://a/b/c/g')
            self.checkJoin(SIMPLE_BASE, 'http:','http://a/b/c/d')
            self.checkJoin(SIMPLE_BASE, 'http:?y','http://a/b/c/d?y')
            self.checkJoin(SIMPLE_BASE, 'http:g?y','http://a/b/c/g?y')
            self.checkJoin(SIMPLE_BASE, 'http:g?y/./x','http://a/b/c/g?y/./x')
            self.checkJoin('http:///', '..','http:///')
            self.checkJoin('', 'http://a/b/c/g?y/./x','http://a/b/c/g?y/./x')
            self.checkJoin('', 'http://a/./g', 'http://a/./g')
            self.checkJoin('svn://pathtorepo/dir1', 'dir2', 'svn://pathtorepo/dir2')
            self.checkJoin('svn+ssh://pathtorepo/dir1', 'dir2', 'svn+ssh://pathtorepo/dir2')
            self.checkJoin('ws://a/b','g','ws://a/g')
            self.checkJoin('wss://a/b','g','wss://a/g')
    
            # XXX: The following tests are no longer compatible with RFC3986
            # self.checkJoin(SIMPLE_BASE, '../../../g','http://a/../g')
            # self.checkJoin(SIMPLE_BASE, '/./g','http://a/./g')
    
            # test for issue22118 duplicate slashes
            self.checkJoin(SIMPLE_BASE + '/', 'foo', SIMPLE_BASE + '/foo')
    
            # Non-RFC-defined tests, covering variations of base and trailing
            # slashes
            self.checkJoin('http://a/b/c/d/e/', '../../f/g/', 'http://a/b/c/f/g/')
            self.checkJoin('http://a/b/c/d/e', '../../f/g/', 'http://a/b/f/g/')
            self.checkJoin('http://a/b/c/d/e/', '/../../f/g/', 'http://a/f/g/')
            self.checkJoin('http://a/b/c/d/e', '/../../f/g/', 'http://a/f/g/')
            self.checkJoin('http://a/b/c/d/e/', '../../f/g', 'http://a/b/c/f/g')
            self.checkJoin('http://a/b/', '../../f/g/', 'http://a/f/g/')
    
            # issue 23703: don't duplicate filename
            self.checkJoin('a', 'b', 'b')
    
        def test_RFC2732(self):
            str_cases = [
                ('http://Test.python.org:5432/foo/', 'test.python.org', 5432),
                ('http://12.34.56.78:5432/foo/', '12.34.56.78', 5432),
                ('http://[::1]:5432/foo/', '::1', 5432),
                ('http://[dead:beef::1]:5432/foo/', 'dead:beef::1', 5432),
                ('http://[dead:beef::]:5432/foo/', 'dead:beef::', 5432),
                ('http://[dead:beef:cafe:5417:affe:8FA3:deaf:feed]:5432/foo/',
                 'dead:beef:cafe:5417:affe:8fa3:deaf:feed', 5432),
                ('http://[::12.34.56.78]:5432/foo/', '::12.34.56.78', 5432),
                ('http://[::ffff:12.34.56.78]:5432/foo/',
                 '::ffff:12.34.56.78', 5432),
                ('http://Test.python.org/foo/', 'test.python.org', None),
                ('http://12.34.56.78/foo/', '12.34.56.78', None),
                ('http://[::1]/foo/', '::1', None),
                ('http://[dead:beef::1]/foo/', 'dead:beef::1', None),
                ('http://[dead:beef::]/foo/', 'dead:beef::', None),
                ('http://[dead:beef:cafe:5417:affe:8FA3:deaf:feed]/foo/',
                 'dead:beef:cafe:5417:affe:8fa3:deaf:feed', None),
                ('http://[::12.34.56.78]/foo/', '::12.34.56.78', None),
                ('http://[::ffff:12.34.56.78]/foo/',
                 '::ffff:12.34.56.78', None),
                ('http://Test.python.org:/foo/', 'test.python.org', None),
                ('http://12.34.56.78:/foo/', '12.34.56.78', None),
                ('http://[::1]:/foo/', '::1', None),
                ('http://[dead:beef::1]:/foo/', 'dead:beef::1', None),
                ('http://[dead:beef::]:/foo/', 'dead:beef::', None),
                ('http://[dead:beef:cafe:5417:affe:8FA3:deaf:feed]:/foo/',
                 'dead:beef:cafe:5417:affe:8fa3:deaf:feed', None),
                ('http://[::12.34.56.78]:/foo/', '::12.34.56.78', None),
                ('http://[::ffff:12.34.56.78]:/foo/',
                 '::ffff:12.34.56.78', None),
                ]
            def _encode(t):
                return t[0].encode('ascii'), t[1].encode('ascii'), t[2]
            bytes_cases = [_encode(x) for x in str_cases]
            for url, hostname, port in str_cases + bytes_cases:
                urlparsed = urllib.parse.urlparse(url)
                self.assertEqual((urlparsed.hostname, urlparsed.port) , (hostname, port))
    
            str_cases = [
                    'http://::12.34.56.78]/',
                    'http://[::1/foo/',
                    'ftp://[::1/foo/bad]/bad',
                    'http://[::1/foo/bad]/bad',
                    'http://[::ffff:12.34.56.78']
            bytes_cases = [x.encode('ascii') for x in str_cases]
            for invalid_url in str_cases + bytes_cases:
                self.assertRaises(ValueError, urllib.parse.urlparse, invalid_url)
    
        def test_urldefrag(self):
            str_cases = [
                ('http://python.org#frag', 'http://python.org', 'frag'),
                ('http://python.org', 'http://python.org', ''),
                ('http://python.org/#frag', 'http://python.org/', 'frag'),
                ('http://python.org/', 'http://python.org/', ''),
                ('http://python.org/?q#frag', 'http://python.org/?q', 'frag'),
                ('http://python.org/?q', 'http://python.org/?q', ''),
                ('http://python.org/p#frag', 'http://python.org/p', 'frag'),
                ('http://python.org/p?q', 'http://python.org/p?q', ''),
                (RFC1808_BASE, 'http://a/b/c/d;p?q', 'f'),
                (RFC2396_BASE, 'http://a/b/c/d;p?q', ''),
            ]
            def _encode(t):
                return type(t)(x.encode('ascii') for x in t)
            bytes_cases = [_encode(x) for x in str_cases]
            for url, defrag, frag in str_cases + bytes_cases:
                result = urllib.parse.urldefrag(url)
                self.assertEqual(result.geturl(), url)
                self.assertEqual(result, (defrag, frag))
                self.assertEqual(result.url, defrag)
                self.assertEqual(result.fragment, frag)
    
        def test_urlsplit_scoped_IPv6(self):
            p = urllib.parse.urlsplit('http://[FE80::822a:a8ff:fe49:470c%tESt]:1234')
            self.assertEqual(p.hostname, "fe80::822a:a8ff:fe49:470c%tESt")
            self.assertEqual(p.netloc, '[FE80::822a:a8ff:fe49:470c%tESt]:1234')
    
            p = urllib.parse.urlsplit(b'http://[FE80::822a:a8ff:fe49:470c%tESt]:1234')
            self.assertEqual(p.hostname, b"fe80::822a:a8ff:fe49:470c%tESt")
            self.assertEqual(p.netloc, b'[FE80::822a:a8ff:fe49:470c%tESt]:1234')
    
        def test_urlsplit_attributes(self):
            url = "HTTP://WWW.PYTHON.ORG/doc/#frag"
            p = urllib.parse.urlsplit(url)
            self.assertEqual(p.scheme, "http")
            self.assertEqual(p.netloc, "WWW.PYTHON.ORG")
            self.assertEqual(p.path, "/doc/")
            self.assertEqual(p.query, "")
            self.assertEqual(p.fragment, "frag")
            self.assertEqual(p.username, None)
            self.assertEqual(p.password, None)
            self.assertEqual(p.hostname, "www.python.org")
            self.assertEqual(p.port, None)
            # geturl() won't return exactly the original URL in this case
            # since the scheme is always case-normalized
            # We handle this by ignoring the first 4 characters of the URL
            self.assertEqual(p.geturl()[4:], url[4:])
    
            url = "http://User:Pass@www.python.org:080/doc/?query=yes#frag"
            p = urllib.parse.urlsplit(url)
            self.assertEqual(p.scheme, "http")
            self.assertEqual(p.netloc, "User:Pass@www.python.org:080")
            self.assertEqual(p.path, "/doc/")
            self.assertEqual(p.query, "query=yes")
            self.assertEqual(p.fragment, "frag")
            self.assertEqual(p.username, "User")
            self.assertEqual(p.password, "Pass")
            self.assertEqual(p.hostname, "www.python.org")
            self.assertEqual(p.port, 80)
            self.assertEqual(p.geturl(), url)
    
            # Addressing issue1698, which suggests Username can contain
            # "@" characters.  Though not RFC compliant, many ftp sites allow
            # and request email addresses as usernames.
    
            url = "http://User@example.com:Pass@www.python.org:080/doc/?query=yes#frag"
            p = urllib.parse.urlsplit(url)
            self.assertEqual(p.scheme, "http")
            self.assertEqual(p.netloc, "User@example.com:Pass@www.python.org:080")
            self.assertEqual(p.path, "/doc/")
            self.assertEqual(p.query, "query=yes")
            self.assertEqual(p.fragment, "frag")
            self.assertEqual(p.username, "User@example.com")
            self.assertEqual(p.password, "Pass")
            self.assertEqual(p.hostname, "www.python.org")
            self.assertEqual(p.port, 80)
            self.assertEqual(p.geturl(), url)
    
            # And check them all again, only with bytes this time
            url = b"HTTP://WWW.PYTHON.ORG/doc/#frag"
            p = urllib.parse.urlsplit(url)
            self.assertEqual(p.scheme, b"http")
            self.assertEqual(p.netloc, b"WWW.PYTHON.ORG")
            self.assertEqual(p.path, b"/doc/")
            self.assertEqual(p.query, b"")
            self.assertEqual(p.fragment, b"frag")
            self.assertEqual(p.username, None)
            self.assertEqual(p.password, None)
            self.assertEqual(p.hostname, b"www.python.org")
            self.assertEqual(p.port, None)
            self.assertEqual(p.geturl()[4:], url[4:])
    
            url = b"http://User:Pass@www.python.org:080/doc/?query=yes#frag"
            p = urllib.parse.urlsplit(url)
            self.assertEqual(p.scheme, b"http")
            self.assertEqual(p.netloc, b"User:Pass@www.python.org:080")
            self.assertEqual(p.path, b"/doc/")
            self.assertEqual(p.query, b"query=yes")
            self.assertEqual(p.fragment, b"frag")
            self.assertEqual(p.username, b"User")
            self.assertEqual(p.password, b"Pass")
            self.assertEqual(p.hostname, b"www.python.org")
            self.assertEqual(p.port, 80)
            self.assertEqual(p.geturl(), url)
    
            url = b"http://User@example.com:Pass@www.python.org:080/doc/?query=yes#frag"
            p = urllib.parse.urlsplit(url)
            self.assertEqual(p.scheme, b"http")
            self.assertEqual(p.netloc, b"User@example.com:Pass@www.python.org:080")
            self.assertEqual(p.path, b"/doc/")
            self.assertEqual(p.query, b"query=yes")
            self.assertEqual(p.fragment, b"frag")
            self.assertEqual(p.username, b"User@example.com")
            self.assertEqual(p.password, b"Pass")
            self.assertEqual(p.hostname, b"www.python.org")
            self.assertEqual(p.port, 80)
            self.assertEqual(p.geturl(), url)
    
            # Verify an illegal port raises ValueError
            url = b"HTTP://WWW.PYTHON.ORG:65536/doc/#frag"
            p = urllib.parse.urlsplit(url)
            with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "out of range"):
                p.port
    
        def test_urlsplit_remove_unsafe_bytes(self):
            # Remove ASCII tabs and newlines from input
            url = "http\t://www.python\n.org\t/java\nscript:\talert('msg\r\n')/?query\n=\tsomething#frag\nment"
            p = urllib.parse.urlsplit(url)
            self.assertEqual(p.scheme, "http")
            self.assertEqual(p.netloc, "www.python.org")
            self.assertEqual(p.path, "/javascript:alert('msg')/")
            self.assertEqual(p.query, "query=something")
            self.assertEqual(p.fragment, "fragment")
            self.assertEqual(p.username, None)
            self.assertEqual(p.password, None)
            self.assertEqual(p.hostname, "www.python.org")
            self.assertEqual(p.port, None)
            self.assertEqual(p.geturl(), "http://www.python.org/javascript:alert('msg')/?query=something#fragment")
    
            # Remove ASCII tabs and newlines from input as bytes.
            url = b"http\t://www.python\n.org\t/java\nscript:\talert('msg\r\n')/?query\n=\tsomething#frag\nment"
            p = urllib.parse.urlsplit(url)
            self.assertEqual(p.scheme, b"http")
            self.assertEqual(p.netloc, b"www.python.org")
            self.assertEqual(p.path, b"/javascript:alert('msg')/")
            self.assertEqual(p.query, b"query=something")
            self.assertEqual(p.fragment, b"fragment")
            self.assertEqual(p.username, None)
            self.assertEqual(p.password, None)
            self.assertEqual(p.hostname, b"www.python.org")
            self.assertEqual(p.port, None)
            self.assertEqual(p.geturl(), b"http://www.python.org/javascript:alert('msg')/?query=something#fragment")
    
            # with scheme as cache-key
            url = "http://www.python.org/java\nscript:\talert('msg\r\n')/?query\n=\tsomething#frag\nment"
            scheme = "ht\ntp"
            for _ in range(2):
                p = urllib.parse.urlsplit(url, scheme=scheme)
                self.assertEqual(p.scheme, "http")
                self.assertEqual(p.geturl(), "http://www.python.org/javascript:alert('msg')/?query=something#fragment")
    
        def test_attributes_bad_port(self):
            """Check handling of invalid ports."""
            for bytes in (False, True):
                for parse in (urllib.parse.urlsplit, urllib.parse.urlparse):
                    for port in ("foo", "1.5", "-1", "0x10", "-0", "1_1", " 1", "1 ", ""):
                        with self.subTest(bytes=bytes, parse=parse, port=port):
                            netloc = "www.example.net:" + port
                            url = "http://" + netloc
                            if bytes:
                                if netloc.isascii() and port.isascii():
                                    netloc = netloc.encode("ascii")
                                    url = url.encode("ascii")
                                else:
                                    continue
                            p = parse(url)
                            self.assertEqual(p.netloc, netloc)
                            with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
                                p.port
    
        def test_attributes_bad_scheme(self):
            """Check handling of invalid schemes."""
            for bytes in (False, True):
                for parse in (urllib.parse.urlsplit, urllib.parse.urlparse):
                    for scheme in (".", "+", "-", "0", "http&", "६http"):
                        with self.subTest(bytes=bytes, parse=parse, scheme=scheme):
                            url = scheme + "://www.example.net"
                            if bytes:
                                if url.isascii():
                                    url = url.encode("ascii")
                                else:
                                    continue
                            p = parse(url)
                            if bytes:
                                self.assertEqual(p.scheme, b"")
                            else:
                                self.assertEqual(p.scheme, "")
    
        def test_attributes_without_netloc(self):
            # This example is straight from RFC 3261.  It looks like it
            # should allow the username, hostname, and port to be filled
            # in, but doesn't.  Since it's a URI and doesn't use the
            # scheme://netloc syntax, the netloc and related attributes
            # should be left empty.
            uri = "sip:alice@atlanta.com;maddr=239.255.255.1;ttl=15"
            p = urllib.parse.urlsplit(uri)
            self.assertEqual(p.netloc, "")
            self.assertEqual(p.username, None)
            self.assertEqual(p.password, None)
            self.assertEqual(p.hostname, None)
            self.assertEqual(p.port, None)
            self.assertEqual(p.geturl(), uri)
    
            p = urllib.parse.urlparse(uri)
            self.assertEqual(p.netloc, "")
            self.assertEqual(p.username, None)
            self.assertEqual(p.password, None)
            self.assertEqual(p.hostname, None)
            self.assertEqual(p.port, None)
            self.assertEqual(p.geturl(), uri)
    
            # You guessed it, repeating the test with bytes input
            uri = b"sip:alice@atlanta.com;maddr=239.255.255.1;ttl=15"
            p = urllib.parse.urlsplit(uri)
            self.assertEqual(p.netloc, b"")
            self.assertEqual(p.username, None)
            self.assertEqual(p.password, None)
            self.assertEqual(p.hostname, None)
            self.assertEqual(p.port, None)
            self.assertEqual(p.geturl(), uri)
    
            p = urllib.parse.urlparse(uri)
            self.assertEqual(p.netloc, b"")
            self.assertEqual(p.username, None)
            self.assertEqual(p.password, None)
            self.assertEqual(p.hostname, None)
            self.assertEqual(p.port, None)
            self.assertEqual(p.geturl(), uri)
    
        def test_noslash(self):
            # Issue 1637: http://foo.com?query is legal
            self.assertEqual(urllib.parse.urlparse("http://example.com?blahblah=/foo"),
                             ('http', 'example.com', '', '', 'blahblah=/foo', ''))
            self.assertEqual(urllib.parse.urlparse(b"http://example.com?blahblah=/foo"),
                             (b'http', b'example.com', b'', b'', b'blahblah=/foo', b''))
    
        def test_withoutscheme(self):
            # Test urlparse without scheme
            # Issue 754016: urlparse goes wrong with IP:port without scheme
            # RFC 1808 specifies that netloc should start with //, urlparse expects
            # the same, otherwise it classifies the portion of url as path.
            self.assertEqual(urllib.parse.urlparse("path"),
                    ('','','path','','',''))
            self.assertEqual(urllib.parse.urlparse("//www.python.org:80"),
                    ('','www.python.org:80','','','',''))
            self.assertEqual(urllib.parse.urlparse("http://www.python.org:80"),
                    ('http','www.python.org:80','','','',''))
            # Repeat for bytes input
            self.assertEqual(urllib.parse.urlparse(b"path"),
                    (b'',b'',b'path',b'',b'',b''))
            self.assertEqual(urllib.parse.urlparse(b"//www.python.org:80"),
                    (b'',b'www.python.org:80',b'',b'',b'',b''))
            self.assertEqual(urllib.parse.urlparse(b"http://www.python.org:80"),
                    (b'http',b'www.python.org:80',b'',b'',b'',b''))
    
        def test_portseparator(self):
            # Issue 754016 makes changes for port separator ':' from scheme separator
            self.assertEqual(urllib.parse.urlparse("http:80"), ('http','','80','','',''))
            self.assertEqual(urllib.parse.urlparse("https:80"), ('https','','80','','',''))
            self.assertEqual(urllib.parse.urlparse("path:80"), ('path','','80','','',''))
            self.assertEqual(urllib.parse.urlparse("http:"),('http','','','','',''))
            self.assertEqual(urllib.parse.urlparse("https:"),('https','','','','',''))
            self.assertEqual(urllib.parse.urlparse("http://www.python.org:80"),
                    ('http','www.python.org:80','','','',''))
            # As usual, need to check bytes input as well
            self.assertEqual(urllib.parse.urlparse(b"http:80"), (b'http',b'',b'80',b'',b'',b''))
            self.assertEqual(urllib.parse.urlparse(b"https:80"), (b'https',b'',b'80',b'',b'',b''))
            self.assertEqual(urllib.parse.urlparse(b"path:80"), (b'path',b'',b'80',b'',b'',b''))
            self.assertEqual(urllib.parse.urlparse(b"http:"),(b'http',b'',b'',b'',b'',b''))
            self.assertEqual(urllib.parse.urlparse(b"https:"),(b'https',b'',b'',b'',b'',b''))
            self.assertEqual(urllib.parse.urlparse(b"http://www.python.org:80"),
                    (b'http',b'www.python.org:80',b'',b'',b'',b''))
    
        def test_usingsys(self):
            # Issue 3314: sys module is used in the error
            self.assertRaises(TypeError, urllib.parse.urlencode, "foo")
    
        def test_anyscheme(self):
            # Issue 7904: s3://foo.com/stuff has netloc "foo.com".
            self.assertEqual(urllib.parse.urlparse("s3://foo.com/stuff"),
                             ('s3', 'foo.com', '/stuff', '', '', ''))
            self.assertEqual(urllib.parse.urlparse("x-newscheme://foo.com/stuff"),
                             ('x-newscheme', 'foo.com', '/stuff', '', '', ''))
            self.assertEqual(urllib.parse.urlparse("x-newscheme://foo.com/stuff?query#fragment"),
                             ('x-newscheme', 'foo.com', '/stuff', '', 'query', 'fragment'))
            self.assertEqual(urllib.parse.urlparse("x-newscheme://foo.com/stuff?query"),
                             ('x-newscheme', 'foo.com', '/stuff', '', 'query', ''))
    
            # And for bytes...
            self.assertEqual(urllib.parse.urlparse(b"s3://foo.com/stuff"),
                             (b's3', b'foo.com', b'/stuff', b'', b'', b''))
            self.assertEqual(urllib.parse.urlparse(b"x-newscheme://foo.com/stuff"),
                             (b'x-newscheme', b'foo.com', b'/stuff', b'', b'', b''))
            self.assertEqual(urllib.parse.urlparse(b"x-newscheme://foo.com/stuff?query#fragment"),
                             (b'x-newscheme', b'foo.com', b'/stuff', b'', b'query', b'fragment'))
            self.assertEqual(urllib.parse.urlparse(b"x-newscheme://foo.com/stuff?query"),
                             (b'x-newscheme', b'foo.com', b'/stuff', b'', b'query', b''))
    
        def test_default_scheme(self):
            # Exercise the scheme parameter of urlparse() and urlsplit()
            for func in (urllib.parse.urlparse, urllib.parse.urlsplit):
                with self.subTest(function=func):
                    result = func("http://example.net/", "ftp")
                    self.assertEqual(result.scheme, "http")
                    result = func(b"http://example.net/", b"ftp")
                    self.assertEqual(result.scheme, b"http")
                    self.assertEqual(func("path", "ftp").scheme, "ftp")
                    self.assertEqual(func("path", scheme="ftp").scheme, "ftp")
                    self.assertEqual(func(b"path", scheme=b"ftp").scheme, b"ftp")
                    self.assertEqual(func("path").scheme, "")
                    self.assertEqual(func(b"path").scheme, b"")
                    self.assertEqual(func(b"path", "").scheme, b"")
    
        def test_parse_fragments(self):
            # Exercise the allow_fragments parameter of urlparse() and urlsplit()
            tests = (
                ("http:#frag", "path", "frag"),
                ("//example.net#frag", "path", "frag"),
                ("index.html#frag", "path", "frag"),
                (";a=b#frag", "params", "frag"),
                ("?a=b#frag", "query", "frag"),
                ("#frag", "path", "frag"),
                ("abc#@frag", "path", "@frag"),
                ("//abc#@frag", "path", "@frag"),
                ("//abc:80#@frag", "path", "@frag"),
                ("//abc#@frag:80", "path", "@frag:80"),
            )
            for url, attr, expected_frag in tests:
                for func in (urllib.parse.urlparse, urllib.parse.urlsplit):
                    if attr == "params" and func is urllib.parse.urlsplit:
                        attr = "path"
                    with self.subTest(url=url, function=func):
                        result = func(url, allow_fragments=False)
                        self.assertEqual(result.fragment, "")
                        self.assertTrue(
                                getattr(result, attr).endswith("#" + expected_frag))
                        self.assertEqual(func(url, "", False).fragment, "")
    
                        result = func(url, allow_fragments=True)
                        self.assertEqual(result.fragment, expected_frag)
                        self.assertFalse(
                                getattr(result, attr).endswith(expected_frag))
                        self.assertEqual(func(url, "", True).fragment,
                                         expected_frag)
                        self.assertEqual(func(url).fragment, expected_frag)
    
        def test_mixed_types_rejected(self):
            # Several functions that process either strings or ASCII encoded bytes
            # accept multiple arguments. Check they reject mixed type input
            with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, "Cannot mix str"):
                urllib.parse.urlparse("www.python.org", b"http")
            with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, "Cannot mix str"):
                urllib.parse.urlparse(b"www.python.org", "http")
            with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, "Cannot mix str"):
                urllib.parse.urlsplit("www.python.org", b"http")
            with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, "Cannot mix str"):
                urllib.parse.urlsplit(b"www.python.org", "http")
            with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, "Cannot mix str"):
                urllib.parse.urlunparse(( b"http", "www.python.org","","","",""))
            with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, "Cannot mix str"):
                urllib.parse.urlunparse(("http", b"www.python.org","","","",""))
            with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, "Cannot mix str"):
                urllib.parse.urlunsplit((b"http", "www.python.org","","",""))
            with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, "Cannot mix str"):
                urllib.parse.urlunsplit(("http", b"www.python.org","","",""))
            with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, "Cannot mix str"):
                urllib.parse.urljoin("http://python.org", b"http://python.org")
            with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, "Cannot mix str"):
                urllib.parse.urljoin(b"http://python.org", "http://python.org")
    
        def _check_result_type(self, str_type):
            num_args = len(str_type._fields)
            bytes_type = str_type._encoded_counterpart
            self.assertIs(bytes_type._decoded_counterpart, str_type)
            str_args = ('',) * num_args
            bytes_args = (b'',) * num_args
            str_result = str_type(*str_args)
            bytes_result = bytes_type(*bytes_args)
            encoding = 'ascii'
            errors = 'strict'
            self.assertEqual(str_result, str_args)
            self.assertEqual(bytes_result.decode(), str_args)
            self.assertEqual(bytes_result.decode(), str_result)
            self.assertEqual(bytes_result.decode(encoding), str_args)
            self.assertEqual(bytes_result.decode(encoding), str_result)
            self.assertEqual(bytes_result.decode(encoding, errors), str_args)
            self.assertEqual(bytes_result.decode(encoding, errors), str_result)
            self.assertEqual(bytes_result, bytes_args)
            self.assertEqual(str_result.encode(), bytes_args)
            self.assertEqual(str_result.encode(), bytes_result)
            self.assertEqual(str_result.encode(encoding), bytes_args)
            self.assertEqual(str_result.encode(encoding), bytes_result)
            self.assertEqual(str_result.encode(encoding, errors), bytes_args)
            self.assertEqual(str_result.encode(encoding, errors), bytes_result)
    
        def test_result_pairs(self):
            # Check encoding and decoding between result pairs
            result_types = [
              urllib.parse.DefragResult,
              urllib.parse.SplitResult,
              urllib.parse.ParseResult,
            ]
            for result_type in result_types:
                self._check_result_type(result_type)
    
        def test_parse_qs_encoding(self):
            result = urllib.parse.parse_qs("key=\u0141%E9", encoding="latin-1")
            self.assertEqual(result, {'key': ['\u0141\xE9']})
            result = urllib.parse.parse_qs("key=\u0141%C3%A9", encoding="utf-8")
            self.assertEqual(result, {'key': ['\u0141\xE9']})
            result = urllib.parse.parse_qs("key=\u0141%C3%A9", encoding="ascii")
            self.assertEqual(result, {'key': ['\u0141\ufffd\ufffd']})
            result = urllib.parse.parse_qs("key=\u0141%E9-", encoding="ascii")
            self.assertEqual(result, {'key': ['\u0141\ufffd-']})
            result = urllib.parse.parse_qs("key=\u0141%E9-", encoding="ascii",
                                                              errors="ignore")
            self.assertEqual(result, {'key': ['\u0141-']})
    
        def test_parse_qsl_encoding(self):
            result = urllib.parse.parse_qsl("key=\u0141%E9", encoding="latin-1")
            self.assertEqual(result, [('key', '\u0141\xE9')])
            result = urllib.parse.parse_qsl("key=\u0141%C3%A9", encoding="utf-8")
            self.assertEqual(result, [('key', '\u0141\xE9')])
            result = urllib.parse.parse_qsl("key=\u0141%C3%A9", encoding="ascii")
            self.assertEqual(result, [('key', '\u0141\ufffd\ufffd')])
            result = urllib.parse.parse_qsl("key=\u0141%E9-", encoding="ascii")
            self.assertEqual(result, [('key', '\u0141\ufffd-')])
            result = urllib.parse.parse_qsl("key=\u0141%E9-", encoding="ascii",
                                                              errors="ignore")
            self.assertEqual(result, [('key', '\u0141-')])
    
        def test_parse_qsl_max_num_fields(self):
            with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
                urllib.parse.parse_qs('&'.join(['a=a']*11), max_num_fields=10)
            urllib.parse.parse_qs('&'.join(['a=a']*10), max_num_fields=10)
    
        def test_parse_qs_separator(self):
            parse_qs_semicolon_cases = [
                (";", {}),
                (";;", {}),
                (";a=b", {'a': ['b']}),
                ("a=a+b;b=b+c", {'a': ['a b'], 'b': ['b c']}),
                ("a=1;a=2", {'a': ['1', '2']}),
                (b";", {}),
                (b";;", {}),
                (b";a=b", {b'a': [b'b']}),
                (b"a=a+b;b=b+c", {b'a': [b'a b'], b'b': [b'b c']}),
                (b"a=1;a=2", {b'a': [b'1', b'2']}),
            ]
            for orig, expect in parse_qs_semicolon_cases:
                with self.subTest(f"Original: {orig!r}, Expected: {expect!r}"):
                    result = urllib.parse.parse_qs(orig, separator=';')
                    self.assertEqual(result, expect, "Error parsing %r" % orig)
                    result_bytes = urllib.parse.parse_qs(orig, separator=b';')
                    self.assertEqual(result_bytes, expect, "Error parsing %r" % orig)
    
    
        def test_parse_qsl_separator(self):
            parse_qsl_semicolon_cases = [
                (";", []),
                (";;", []),
                (";a=b", [('a', 'b')]),
                ("a=a+b;b=b+c", [('a', 'a b'), ('b', 'b c')]),
                ("a=1;a=2", [('a', '1'), ('a', '2')]),
                (b";", []),
                (b";;", []),
                (b";a=b", [(b'a', b'b')]),
                (b"a=a+b;b=b+c", [(b'a', b'a b'), (b'b', b'b c')]),
                (b"a=1;a=2", [(b'a', b'1'), (b'a', b'2')]),
            ]
            for orig, expect in parse_qsl_semicolon_cases:
                with self.subTest(f"Original: {orig!r}, Expected: {expect!r}"):
                    result = urllib.parse.parse_qsl(orig, separator=';')
                    self.assertEqual(result, expect, "Error parsing %r" % orig)
                    result_bytes = urllib.parse.parse_qsl(orig, separator=b';')
                    self.assertEqual(result_bytes, expect, "Error parsing %r" % orig)
    
    
        def test_urlencode_sequences(self):
            # Other tests incidentally urlencode things; test non-covered cases:
            # Sequence and object values.
            result = urllib.parse.urlencode({'a': [1, 2], 'b': (3, 4, 5)}, True)
            # we cannot rely on ordering here
            assert set(result.split('&')) == {'a=1', 'a=2', 'b=3', 'b=4', 'b=5'}
    
            class Trivial:
                def __str__(self):
                    return 'trivial'
    
            result = urllib.parse.urlencode({'a': Trivial()}, True)
            self.assertEqual(result, 'a=trivial')
    
        def test_urlencode_quote_via(self):
            result = urllib.parse.urlencode({'a': 'some value'})
            self.assertEqual(result, "a=some+value")
            result = urllib.parse.urlencode({'a': 'some value/another'},
                                            quote_via=urllib.parse.quote)
            self.assertEqual(result, "a=some%20value%2Fanother")
            result = urllib.parse.urlencode({'a': 'some value/another'},
                                            safe='/', quote_via=urllib.parse.quote)
            self.assertEqual(result, "a=some%20value/another")
    
        def test_quote_from_bytes(self):
            self.assertRaises(TypeError, urllib.parse.quote_from_bytes, 'foo')
            result = urllib.parse.quote_from_bytes(b'archaeological arcana')
            self.assertEqual(result, 'archaeological%20arcana')
            result = urllib.parse.quote_from_bytes(b'')
            self.assertEqual(result, '')
            result = urllib.parse.quote_from_bytes(b'A'*10_000)
            self.assertEqual(result, 'A'*10_000)
            result = urllib.parse.quote_from_bytes(b'z\x01/ '*253_183)
            self.assertEqual(result, 'z%01/%20'*253_183)
    
        def test_unquote_to_bytes(self):
            result = urllib.parse.unquote_to_bytes('abc%20def')
            self.assertEqual(result, b'abc def')
            result = urllib.parse.unquote_to_bytes('')
            self.assertEqual(result, b'')
    
        def test_quote_errors(self):
            self.assertRaises(TypeError, urllib.parse.quote, b'foo',
                              encoding='utf-8')
            self.assertRaises(TypeError, urllib.parse.quote, b'foo', errors='strict')
    
        def test_issue14072(self):
            p1 = urllib.parse.urlsplit('tel:+31-641044153')
            self.assertEqual(p1.scheme, 'tel')
            self.assertEqual(p1.path, '+31-641044153')
            p2 = urllib.parse.urlsplit('tel:+31641044153')
            self.assertEqual(p2.scheme, 'tel')
            self.assertEqual(p2.path, '+31641044153')
            # assert the behavior for urlparse
            p1 = urllib.parse.urlparse('tel:+31-641044153')
            self.assertEqual(p1.scheme, 'tel')
            self.assertEqual(p1.path, '+31-641044153')
            p2 = urllib.parse.urlparse('tel:+31641044153')
            self.assertEqual(p2.scheme, 'tel')
            self.assertEqual(p2.path, '+31641044153')
    
        def test_port_casting_failure_message(self):
            message = "Port could not be cast to integer value as 'oracle'"
            p1 = urllib.parse.urlparse('http://Server=sde; Service=sde:oracle')
            with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, message):
                p1.port
    
            p2 = urllib.parse.urlsplit('http://Server=sde; Service=sde:oracle')
            with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, message):
                p2.port
    
        def test_telurl_params(self):
            p1 = urllib.parse.urlparse('tel:123-4;phone-context=+1-650-516')
            self.assertEqual(p1.scheme, 'tel')
            self.assertEqual(p1.path, '123-4')
            self.assertEqual(p1.params, 'phone-context=+1-650-516')
    
            p1 = urllib.parse.urlparse('tel:+1-201-555-0123')
            self.assertEqual(p1.scheme, 'tel')
            self.assertEqual(p1.path, '+1-201-555-0123')
            self.assertEqual(p1.params, '')
    
            p1 = urllib.parse.urlparse('tel:7042;phone-context=example.com')
            self.assertEqual(p1.scheme, 'tel')
            self.assertEqual(p1.path, '7042')
            self.assertEqual(p1.params, 'phone-context=example.com')
    
            p1 = urllib.parse.urlparse('tel:863-1234;phone-context=+1-914-555')
            self.assertEqual(p1.scheme, 'tel')
            self.assertEqual(p1.path, '863-1234')
            self.assertEqual(p1.params, 'phone-context=+1-914-555')
    
        def test_Quoter_repr(self):
            quoter = urllib.parse._Quoter(urllib.parse._ALWAYS_SAFE)
            self.assertIn('Quoter', repr(quoter))
    
        def test_clear_cache_for_code_coverage(self):
            urllib.parse.clear_cache()
    
        def test_urllib_parse_getattr_failure(self):
            """Test that urllib.parse.__getattr__() fails correctly."""
            with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
                unused = urllib.parse.this_does_not_exist
    
        def test_all(self):
            expected = []
            undocumented = {
                'splitattr', 'splithost', 'splitnport', 'splitpasswd',
                'splitport', 'splitquery', 'splittag', 'splittype', 'splituser',
                'splitvalue',
                'ResultBase', 'clear_cache', 'to_bytes', 'unwrap',
            }
            for name in dir(urllib.parse):
                if name.startswith('_') or name in undocumented:
                    continue
                object = getattr(urllib.parse, name)
                if getattr(object, '__module__', None) == 'urllib.parse':
                    expected.append(name)
            self.assertCountEqual(urllib.parse.__all__, expected)
    
        def test_urlsplit_normalization(self):
            # Certain characters should never occur in the netloc,
            # including under normalization.
            # Ensure that ALL of them are detected and cause an error
            illegal_chars = '/:#?@'
            hex_chars = {'{:04X}'.format(ord(c)) for c in illegal_chars}
            denorm_chars = [
                c for c in map(chr, range(128, sys.maxunicode))
                if unicodedata.decomposition(c)
                and (hex_chars & set(unicodedata.decomposition(c).split()))
                and c not in illegal_chars
            ]
            # Sanity check that we found at least one such character
            self.assertIn('\u2100', denorm_chars)
            self.assertIn('\uFF03', denorm_chars)
    
            # bpo-36742: Verify port separators are ignored when they
            # existed prior to decomposition
            urllib.parse.urlsplit('http://\u30d5\u309a:80')
            with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
                urllib.parse.urlsplit('http://\u30d5\u309a\ufe1380')
    
            for scheme in ["http", "https", "ftp"]:
                for netloc in ["netloc{}false.netloc", "n{}user@netloc"]:
                    for c in denorm_chars:
                        url = "{}://{}/path".format(scheme, netloc.format(c))
                        with self.subTest(url=url, char='{:04X}'.format(ord(c))):
                            with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
                                urllib.parse.urlsplit(url)
    
    class Utility_Tests(unittest.TestCase):
        """Testcase to test the various utility functions in the urllib."""
        # In Python 2 this test class was in test_urllib.
    
        def test_splittype(self):
            splittype = urllib.parse._splittype
            self.assertEqual(splittype('type:opaquestring'), ('type', 'opaquestring'))
            self.assertEqual(splittype('opaquestring'), (None, 'opaquestring'))
            self.assertEqual(splittype(':opaquestring'), (None, ':opaquestring'))
            self.assertEqual(splittype('type:'), ('type', ''))
            self.assertEqual(splittype('type:opaque:string'), ('type', 'opaque:string'))
    
        def test_splithost(self):
            splithost = urllib.parse._splithost
            self.assertEqual(splithost('//www.example.org:80/foo/bar/baz.html'),
                             ('www.example.org:80', '/foo/bar/baz.html'))
            self.assertEqual(splithost('//www.example.org:80'),
                             ('www.example.org:80', ''))
            self.assertEqual(splithost('/foo/bar/baz.html'),
                             (None, '/foo/bar/baz.html'))
    
            # bpo-30500: # starts a fragment.
            self.assertEqual(splithost('//127.0.0.1#@host.com'),
                             ('127.0.0.1', '/#@host.com'))
            self.assertEqual(splithost('//127.0.0.1#@host.com:80'),
                             ('127.0.0.1', '/#@host.com:80'))
            self.assertEqual(splithost('//127.0.0.1:80#@host.com'),
                             ('127.0.0.1:80', '/#@host.com'))
    
            # Empty host is returned as empty string.
            self.assertEqual(splithost("///file"),
                             ('', '/file'))
    
            # Trailing semicolon, question mark and hash symbol are kept.
            self.assertEqual(splithost("//example.net/file;"),
                             ('example.net', '/file;'))
            self.assertEqual(splithost("//example.net/file?"),
                             ('example.net', '/file?'))
            self.assertEqual(splithost("//example.net/file#"),
                             ('example.net', '/file#'))
    
        def test_splituser(self):
            splituser = urllib.parse._splituser
            self.assertEqual(splituser('User:Pass@www.python.org:080'),
                             ('User:Pass', 'www.python.org:080'))
            self.assertEqual(splituser('@www.python.org:080'),
                             ('', 'www.python.org:080'))
            self.assertEqual(splituser('www.python.org:080'),
                             (None, 'www.python.org:080'))
            self.assertEqual(splituser('User:Pass@'),
                             ('User:Pass', ''))
            self.assertEqual(splituser('User@example.com:Pass@www.python.org:080'),
                             ('User@example.com:Pass', 'www.python.org:080'))
    
        def test_splitpasswd(self):
            # Some of the password examples are not sensible, but it is added to
            # confirming to RFC2617 and addressing issue4675.
            splitpasswd = urllib.parse._splitpasswd
            self.assertEqual(splitpasswd('user:ab'), ('user', 'ab'))
            self.assertEqual(splitpasswd('user:a\nb'), ('user', 'a\nb'))
            self.assertEqual(splitpasswd('user:a\tb'), ('user', 'a\tb'))
            self.assertEqual(splitpasswd('user:a\rb'), ('user', 'a\rb'))
            self.assertEqual(splitpasswd('user:a\fb'), ('user', 'a\fb'))
            self.assertEqual(splitpasswd('user:a\vb'), ('user', 'a\vb'))
            self.assertEqual(splitpasswd('user:a:b'), ('user', 'a:b'))
            self.assertEqual(splitpasswd('user:a b'), ('user', 'a b'))
            self.assertEqual(splitpasswd('user 2:ab'), ('user 2', 'ab'))
            self.assertEqual(splitpasswd('user+1:a+b'), ('user+1', 'a+b'))
            self.assertEqual(splitpasswd('user:'), ('user', ''))
            self.assertEqual(splitpasswd('user'), ('user', None))
            self.assertEqual(splitpasswd(':ab'), ('', 'ab'))
    
        def test_splitport(self):
            splitport = urllib.parse._splitport
            self.assertEqual(splitport('parrot:88'), ('parrot', '88'))
            self.assertEqual(splitport('parrot'), ('parrot', None))
            self.assertEqual(splitport('parrot:'), ('parrot', None))
            self.assertEqual(splitport('127.0.0.1'), ('127.0.0.1', None))
            self.assertEqual(splitport('parrot:cheese'), ('parrot:cheese', None))
            self.assertEqual(splitport('[::1]:88'), ('[::1]', '88'))
            self.assertEqual(splitport('[::1]'), ('[::1]', None))
            self.assertEqual(splitport(':88'), ('', '88'))
    
        def test_splitnport(self):
            splitnport = urllib.parse._splitnport
            self.assertEqual(splitnport('parrot:88'), ('parrot', 88))
            self.assertEqual(splitnport('parrot'), ('parrot', -1))
            self.assertEqual(splitnport('parrot', 55), ('parrot', 55))
            self.assertEqual(splitnport('parrot:'), ('parrot', -1))
            self.assertEqual(splitnport('parrot:', 55), ('parrot', 55))
            self.assertEqual(splitnport('127.0.0.1'), ('127.0.0.1', -1))
            self.assertEqual(splitnport('127.0.0.1', 55), ('127.0.0.1', 55))
            self.assertEqual(splitnport('parrot:cheese'), ('parrot', None))
            self.assertEqual(splitnport('parrot:cheese', 55), ('parrot', None))
            self.assertEqual(splitnport('parrot: +1_0 '), ('parrot', None))
    
        def test_splitquery(self):
            # Normal cases are exercised by other tests; ensure that we also
            # catch cases with no port specified (testcase ensuring coverage)
            splitquery = urllib.parse._splitquery
            self.assertEqual(splitquery('http://python.org/fake?foo=bar'),
                             ('http://python.org/fake', 'foo=bar'))
            self.assertEqual(splitquery('http://python.org/fake?foo=bar?'),
                             ('http://python.org/fake?foo=bar', ''))
            self.assertEqual(splitquery('http://python.org/fake'),
                             ('http://python.org/fake', None))
            self.assertEqual(splitquery('?foo=bar'), ('', 'foo=bar'))
    
        def test_splittag(self):
            splittag = urllib.parse._splittag
            self.assertEqual(splittag('http://example.com?foo=bar#baz'),
                             ('http://example.com?foo=bar', 'baz'))
            self.assertEqual(splittag('http://example.com?foo=bar#'),
                             ('http://example.com?foo=bar', ''))
            self.assertEqual(splittag('#baz'), ('', 'baz'))
            self.assertEqual(splittag('http://example.com?foo=bar'),
                             ('http://example.com?foo=bar', None))
            self.assertEqual(splittag('http://example.com?foo=bar#baz#boo'),
                             ('http://example.com?foo=bar#baz', 'boo'))
    
        def test_splitattr(self):
            splitattr = urllib.parse._splitattr
            self.assertEqual(splitattr('/path;attr1=value1;attr2=value2'),
                             ('/path', ['attr1=value1', 'attr2=value2']))
            self.assertEqual(splitattr('/path;'), ('/path', ['']))
            self.assertEqual(splitattr(';attr1=value1;attr2=value2'),
                             ('', ['attr1=value1', 'attr2=value2']))
            self.assertEqual(splitattr('/path'), ('/path', []))
    
        def test_splitvalue(self):
            # Normal cases are exercised by other tests; test pathological cases
            # with no key/value pairs. (testcase ensuring coverage)
            splitvalue = urllib.parse._splitvalue
            self.assertEqual(splitvalue('foo=bar'), ('foo', 'bar'))
            self.assertEqual(splitvalue('foo='), ('foo', ''))
            self.assertEqual(splitvalue('=bar'), ('', 'bar'))
            self.assertEqual(splitvalue('foobar'), ('foobar', None))
            self.assertEqual(splitvalue('foo=bar=baz'), ('foo', 'bar=baz'))
    
        def test_to_bytes(self):
            result = urllib.parse._to_bytes('http://www.python.org')
            self.assertEqual(result, 'http://www.python.org')
            self.assertRaises(UnicodeError, urllib.parse._to_bytes,
                              'http://www.python.org/medi\u00e6val')
    
        def test_unwrap(self):
            for wrapped_url in ('<URL:scheme://host/path>', '<scheme://host/path>',
                                'URL:scheme://host/path', 'scheme://host/path'):
                url = urllib.parse.unwrap(wrapped_url)
                self.assertEqual(url, 'scheme://host/path')
    
    
    class DeprecationTest(unittest.TestCase):
    
        def test_Quoter_deprecation(self):
            with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning) as cm:
                old_class = urllib.parse.Quoter
                self.assertIs(old_class, urllib.parse._Quoter)
            self.assertIn('Quoter will be removed', str(cm.warning))
    
        def test_splittype_deprecation(self):
            with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning) as cm:
                urllib.parse.splittype('')
            self.assertEqual(str(cm.warning),
                             'urllib.parse.splittype() is deprecated as of 3.8, '
                             'use urllib.parse.urlparse() instead')
    
        def test_splithost_deprecation(self):
            with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning) as cm:
                urllib.parse.splithost('')
            self.assertEqual(str(cm.warning),
                             'urllib.parse.splithost() is deprecated as of 3.8, '
                             'use urllib.parse.urlparse() instead')
    
        def test_splituser_deprecation(self):
            with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning) as cm:
                urllib.parse.splituser('')
            self.assertEqual(str(cm.warning),
                             'urllib.parse.splituser() is deprecated as of 3.8, '
                             'use urllib.parse.urlparse() instead')
    
        def test_splitpasswd_deprecation(self):
            with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning) as cm:
                urllib.parse.splitpasswd('')
            self.assertEqual(str(cm.warning),
                             'urllib.parse.splitpasswd() is deprecated as of 3.8, '
                             'use urllib.parse.urlparse() instead')
    
        def test_splitport_deprecation(self):
            with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning) as cm:
                urllib.parse.splitport('')
            self.assertEqual(str(cm.warning),
                             'urllib.parse.splitport() is deprecated as of 3.8, '
                             'use urllib.parse.urlparse() instead')
    
        def test_splitnport_deprecation(self):
            with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning) as cm:
                urllib.parse.splitnport('')
            self.assertEqual(str(cm.warning),
                             'urllib.parse.splitnport() is deprecated as of 3.8, '
                             'use urllib.parse.urlparse() instead')
    
        def test_splitquery_deprecation(self):
            with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning) as cm:
                urllib.parse.splitquery('')
            self.assertEqual(str(cm.warning),
                             'urllib.parse.splitquery() is deprecated as of 3.8, '
                             'use urllib.parse.urlparse() instead')
    
        def test_splittag_deprecation(self):
            with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning) as cm:
                urllib.parse.splittag('')
            self.assertEqual(str(cm.warning),
                             'urllib.parse.splittag() is deprecated as of 3.8, '
                             'use urllib.parse.urlparse() instead')
    
        def test_splitattr_deprecation(self):
            with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning) as cm:
                urllib.parse.splitattr('')
            self.assertEqual(str(cm.warning),
                             'urllib.parse.splitattr() is deprecated as of 3.8, '
                             'use urllib.parse.urlparse() instead')
    
        def test_splitvalue_deprecation(self):
            with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning) as cm:
                urllib.parse.splitvalue('')
            self.assertEqual(str(cm.warning),
                             'urllib.parse.splitvalue() is deprecated as of 3.8, '
                             'use urllib.parse.parse_qsl() instead')
    
        def test_to_bytes_deprecation(self):
            with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning) as cm:
                urllib.parse.to_bytes('')
            self.assertEqual(str(cm.warning),
                             'urllib.parse.to_bytes() is deprecated as of 3.8')
    
    
    if __name__ == "__main__":
        unittest.main()